Kulo nyaka uphelileyo ubonakalise ukuba yi-roller coaster yokwenyani yokubhukuqa kunye nophuhliso, okukhokelela ekwenyukeni kwezinga lokwamkelwa kweerobhothi kwezinye iindawo kunye nokuncipha kwezinye iindawo, kodwa isapeyinta umfanekiso wokukhula okuqhubekayo kweerobhothi kwixesha elizayo.
Iinyani zibonakalise ukuba unyaka ka-2020 ngunyaka onesiphithiphithi kunye nomngeni, ongakhathazwanga yintshabalalo engazange ibonwe ngaphambili yobhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nefuthe lawo lezoqoqosho, kodwa nakukungaqiniseki okuhlala kuhamba neminyaka yonyulo, njengoko iinkampani zibambe umoya wazo kwizigqibo ezikhulu de imeko yenkqubo ekufuneka ijongane nayo kwiminyaka emine ezayo icace. Ke ngoko, uphando lwakutsha nje malunga nokwamkelwa kwerobhothi yiAutomation World ibonise ukuba ngenxa yesidingo sokugcina umgama phakathi kwentlalontle, ukuxhasa kwakhona ikhonkco lokubonelela, kunye nokunyusa umthamo, amanye amashishini athe nkqo abone ukukhula okukhulu kwiirobhothi, ngelixa abanye bekholelwa ukuba uTyalomali lumile ngenxa yokuba imfuno yeemveliso zabo iye yawa kwaye inkqubo yabo yokuthatha izigqibo yaphazanyiswa kukungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-dynamics enesiphithiphithi sonyaka odlulileyo, ukuvumelana ngokubanzi phakathi kwababoneleli berobhothi-uninzi lwabo luqinisekisiwe kwidatha yethu yophando-ukuba intsimi yabo ilindeleke ukuba iqhubeke ikhula ngamandla, kunye nokwamkelwa kweerobhothi kwixesha elizayo elikufutshane Kufuneka liqhubeke nokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo.
Njengeerobhothi ezisebenzisanayo (cobots), iirobhothi eziphathwayo zinokukhawulezisa ukukhula, njengoko iirobhothi ezininzi zihamba ngaphaya kosetyenziso olusisigxina ukuya kwiinkqubo zerobhothi ezibhetyebhetye. Izinga lokwamkelwa komntwana ukuza kuthi ga ngoku phakathi kwabaphenduli abaphenduliweyo, i-44.9% yabaphenduli bachaza ukuba indibano yabo kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa ngoku zisebenzisa iirobhothi njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yemisebenzi yabo. Ngokukodwa ngakumbi, phakathi kwabo baphethe iirobhothi, i-34.9% isebenzisa iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo (cobots), ngelixa i-65.1% eseleyo zisebenzisa iirobhothi zoshishino kuphela.
Kukho izilumkiso ezithile. Abathengisi berobhothi ekwenziwe udliwano-ndlebe nabo kweli nqaku bayavuma ukuba iziphumo zophando ziyahambelana nento abayibonayo xa iyonke. Nangona kunjalo, baye baqaphela ukuba ukwamkelwa kwamanye amashishini ngokucacileyo kuhambele phambili ngakumbi kunamanye.
Umzekelo, ngakumbi kumzi-mveliso weemoto, izinga lokungena kwerobhothi liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye umatshini wokwenza izinto ozenzekelayo uphunyeziwe kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba amanye amashishini athe nkqo. UMark Joppru, usekela-mongameli wabathengi kunye nenkonzo yeerobhothi kwi-ABB, uthe oku akukhona nje ngokuba ishishini leemoto linamandla okwenza utyalo-mali oluphezulu lwenkcitho, kodwa nangenxa yobume obuqinileyo kunye nomgangatho wokwenziwa kweemoto, ezinokuthi ziphunyezwe ngeteknoloji yerobhothi esisigxina.
Ngokufanayo, ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, ukupakishwa kubone ukwanda kwe-automation, nangona oomatshini abaninzi bokupakisha abahambisa iimveliso ecaleni komgca abahambelani nerobhothi emehlweni abanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iingalo zerobhothi ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kwiinqwelo ezihambayo, ekuqaleni nasekupheleni komgca wokupakisha, apho benza imisebenzi yokuphatha izinto ezifana nokulayisha, ukukhulula, kunye nokupakisha. Kukwezi zicelo zesiphelo apho uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lwerobhothi kwindawo yokupakisha kulindeleke ukuba lufezekise uphuhliso olukhulu.
Ngelo xesha, iivenkile ezincinci zokulungisa kunye nabavelisi beekhontrakthi-abanomxube ophezulu, i-HMLV) iindawo zokuvelisa imveliso zihlala zifuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu-zisenendlela ende yokwamkela i-robotics. NgokukaJoe Campbell, umphathi ophezulu wophuhliso lwesicelo se-Universal Robots, lo ngowona mthombo weliza elilandelayo lokwamkelwa komntwana. Enyanisweni, uCampbell ukholelwa ukuba inani elipheleleyo lokwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni linokuba lingaphantsi kwe-44.9% efunyenwe kuphando lwethu, kuba ukholelwa ukuba amaninzi amashishini amancinci naphakathi (ii-SME) akhonza kwinkampani yakhe anokuhoywa ngokulula kwaye ngokusisiseko asekho imibutho yorhwebo engabonakaliyo, uphando lwe-Industry kunye nezinye iinkcukacha.
"Inxalenye enkulu yeemarike ngokwenene ayisebenzi ngokupheleleyo nguluntu lonke oluzenzekelayo. Siya kuqhubeka sifumana ngakumbi nangaphezulu [ii-SME] ngeveki, ukuba zikhona, iqondo labo lokuzenzekelayo liphantsi kakhulu. Abanalo iirobhothi, ngoko oku Kuyingxaki enkulu kwindawo yokukhula kwexesha elizayo, "kusho uCampbell. “Uphando oluninzi olwenziwa ngumbutho nabanye abapapashi lusenokungafikeleli kwaba bantu.
Ukwenziwa kweemoto lelinye lamashishini athe nkqo, kwaye ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nokuvalwa kwayo okunxulumeneyo, imfuno yehle kakhulu, ibangela ukuba ukwamkelwa kweerobhothi kucothe kunokuba kukhawuleziswe. Isiphumo se-COVID-19 Nangona abantu abaninzi bekholelwa ukuba i-COVID-19 iya kukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kweerobhothi, enye yezona zinto zimangalisayo kuvavanyo lwethu kukuba i-75.6% yabaphenduli bathi ubhubhane awuzange ubatyhale ukuba bathenge iirobhothi ezintsha kwiindawo zabo. Ukongeza, i-80% yabantu abaze neerobhothi ukuphendula ubhubhane bathenge ezintlanu okanye ngaphantsi.
Ewe kunjalo, njengoko abanye abathengisi betshilo, ezi ziphumo azithethi ukuba i-COVID-19 ibe nefuthe elibi ngokupheleleyo ekwamkelweni kweerobhothi. Ngokuchasene noko, oku kunokuthetha ukuba ubungakanani bobhubhani obukhawulezisa iirobhothi buhluka kakhulu phakathi kwamashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kwezinye iimeko, abavelisi baye bathenga iirobhothi ezintsha ngo-2020, ezinokuthi ziphendule kwezinye izinto ezingangqamananga ne-COVID-19, njengesidingo sokwandisa imfuno okanye ukuphuma kwemizi-mveliso emi nkqo ekhawulelana nemfuno yabasebenzi ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco kunyanzelela ukubuyela ngasemva kwentsimi.
Umzekelo, uScott Marsic, umphathi weprojekthi ephezulu kwi-Epson Robotics, wachaza ukuba inkampani yakhe ibone ukwanda kwemfuno yezixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE) phakathi kwemfuneko yezixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE). UMarsic ugxininise ukuba owona mdla uphambili kwiirobhothi kula mashishini ugxile ekwandiseni imveliso, endaweni yokusebenzisa iirobhothi ukwahlula imveliso ukufezekisa umgama woluntu. Kwangaxeshanye, nangona umzi-mveliso weemoto ufezekise i-automation elungileyo kwaye ungumthombo oqhelekileyo wokuthengwa kwerobhothi entsha, ibhlokhi iye yanciphisa imfuno yezothutho ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke imfuno iwile. Ngenxa yoko, ezi nkampani ziye zayivalela imali eninzi yenkcitho enkulu.
“Kwiinyanga ezili-10 ezidlulileyo, imoto yam ihambe malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-2 000. Andizange nditshintshe ioli okanye amavili amatsha,” utshilo uMarsic. "Imfuno yam iwile. Ukuba ujonga ishishini lokuvelisa iimoto, baya kulandela ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba akukho mfuno yezixhobo zemoto, abayi kutyalomali kwi-automation engaphezulu. Kwelinye icala, ukuba ujonga imfuno ekhulayo Kwiindawo ezinjengezixhobo zonyango, amayeza, kunye nokupakishwa kwabathengi, baya kubona imfuno [yokwanda], kwaye le yindawo yokuthengisa yerobots. "
U-Melonee Wise, i-CEO ye-Fetch Robotics, uthe ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, kuye kwakho ukwanda kwe-robot yokwamkelwa kwi-logistics kunye neendawo zokugcina iimpahla. Njengoko abathengi abaninzi bezindlu beodola iintlobo ngeentlobo zeempahla kwi-Intanethi, imfuno iyanda.
Kwisihloko sokusebenzisa iirobhothi ekungeneni eluntwini, impendulo iyonke yabaphenduli ibibuthathaka, kwaye kuphela yi-16.2% yabaphenduli besithi le yimeko ebangele ukuba bathathe isigqibo sokuthenga irobhothi entsha. Izizathu ezingakumbi zokuthenga iirobhothi ziquka ukunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi nge-62.2%, ukwandisa umthamo wemveliso ngama-54.1%, kunye nokusombulula ingxaki engaphantsi kwe-37.8% yabasebenzi abakhoyo.
Okunxulumene noku kukuba phakathi kwabo bathenge iirobhothi ukuphendula i-COVID-19, i-45% yathi bathenge iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo, ngelixa i-55% eseleyo ikhethe iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso. Kuba iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo zihlala zijongwa njengesona sisombululo serobhothi sokungena ekuhlaleni kuba ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo nabantu xa bezama ukwahlula imigca okanye iiyunithi zomsebenzi, banokuba namaxabiso asezantsi kunalawo alindelweyo okuthathwa kwabantwana phakathi kwabo basabelayo kubhubhane Iyagxininiswa ngakumbi into yokuba iinkxalabo ezinxulumene neendleko zabasebenzi kunye nokufumaneka, umgangatho kunye nomthamo mkhulu.
Iiworkshops ezincinci zokucwangcisa kunye nabavelisi bekhontrakthi kwiindawo ezixubeneyo eziphezulu, ezinomthamo ophantsi zingamela umda olandelayo wokukhula kwiirobhothi, ngokukodwa iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo (cobots) ezidumileyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo. Uqikelelo lolwamkelo lwexesha elizayo Xa ujonge phambili, izinto ezilindelekileyo kubathengisi berobhothi zibumbi. Uninzi lukholelwa ukuba njengoko unyulo luphela kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwezitofu zokugonya i-COVID-19 kunyuka, amashishini apho isiphithiphithi sentengiso siye sacothisa ukwamkelwa kweerobhothi ziya kuphinda ziqalise inani elikhulu lemfuno. Kwangaxeshanye, loo mashishini abone ukukhula kulindeleke ukuba aqhubele phambili ngesantya esikhawulezayo.
Njengesilumkiso esinokubakho solindelo oluphezulu lwababoneleli, iziphumo zethu zovavanyo ziphakathi kancinane, kwaye ngaphantsi kancinane kwekota yabaphenduli bathi baceba ukongeza iirobhothi kunyaka ozayo. Phakathi kwaba baphenduliweyo, i-56.5% iceba ukuthenga iirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo, kwaye i-43.5% iceba ukuthenga iirobhothi eziqhelekileyo zemizi-mveliso.
Nangona kunjalo, abanye ababoneleli baxele ukuba okulindelweyo okusezantsi kakhulu kwiziphumo zovavanyo kunokuba kulahlekisa. Ngokomzekelo, u-Wise ukholelwa ukuba ngenxa yokuba ukufakwa kwenkqubo ye-robot esisigxina ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha ixesha elide njengeenyanga ze-9-15, abaninzi abaphendulayo abathi abacwangcisi ukongeza iirobhothi ezingaphezulu kunyaka ozayo banokuthi babe neeprojekthi eziqhubekayo. Ukongezelela, uJoppru wabonisa ukuba nangona kuphela i-23% yabaphenduli baceba ukwandisa iirobhothi, abanye abantu banokunyuka kakhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba ukukhula ngokubanzi kweshishini kunokunyusa kakhulu.
Ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziqhuba ukuthengwa kweerobhothi ezithile, i-52.8% yathi ukukhululeka kokusetyenziswa, i-52.6% yathi i-robotic arm end tool option, kwaye kuphela i-38.5% yayinomdla kwiimpawu ezithile zentsebenziswano. Esi siphumo sibonakala sithetha ukuba ukuguquguquka, kunokuba umsebenzi wokhuseleko wokubambisana ngokwawo, uqhuba ukhetho olukhulayo lwabasebenzisi bokugqibela kwiirobhothi ezisebenzisanayo.
Oku kubonakaliswa ngokuqinisekileyo kwintsimi ye-HMLV. Kwelinye icala, abavelisi kufuneka bajongane nemingeni yeendleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umjikelezo wobomi bemveliso bufutshane, ufuna ukuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwandiswa kwemveliso. U-Doug Burnside, usekela-mongameli we-Yaskawa-Motoman wentengiso kunye nentengiso kuMntla Merika, wabonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wezandla ukujongana ne-paradox yokuguquka ngokukhawuleza kulula kuba abantu bayaguquguquka ngokwemvelo. Kuphela kuxa i-automation yaziswa apho le nkqubo iya kuba ngumngeni ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ukonyusa ukuguquguquka ngokudibanisa umbono, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye nokwahluka okungaphezulu kunye nokukhethwa kwesixhobo semodyuli kunokunceda ukoyisa le mingeni.
Kwezinye iindawo, iirobhothi zinokubonakala ziluncedo kwiindawo ezithile, kodwa azikaqalisi ukuzisebenzisa. Ngokutsho kweJoppru, i-ABB sele ineengxoxo zokuqala kunye ne-oyile kunye ne-gas industry ekudibaniseni iirobhothi ezintsha kwimisebenzi yazo yentsimi, nangona ukuzaliseka kwezi projekthi kungathatha iminyaka emininzi.
"Kwicandelo leoli kunye negesi, kusekho iinkqubo ezininzi zezandla ezenzekayo. Abantu abathathu babamba umbhobho, baze bawujikeleze, babambe umbhobho omtsha, bawudibanise ukuze baqhube enye i-20 iinyawo. , "kusho uJoppru. "Ngaba sinokusebenzisa iingalo zerobhothi ukwenza i-automate, ukuze sisuse umsebenzi odikayo, omdaka kunye nonobungozi? Lo ngumzekelo. Sixoxe nabathengi ukuba le yindawo entsha yokungena kwiirobhothi, kwaye asikakwazi ukuyilandela okwangoku."
Unale nto engqondweni, nokuba iindibano zocweyo zokusetyenzwa, abavelisi bekhontrakthi, kunye namashishini amancinci naphakathi agcwele iirobhothi ezifana nezona nkampani zinkulu, kusekho indawo eninzi yokwandiswa kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2021
