Ukusika iplasma yerobhothi edibeneyo ifuna okungaphezulu nje kwetotshi encanyathiselwe ekupheleni kwengalo yerobhothi.Ulwazi lwenkqubo yokusika iplasma lungundoqo.ubuncwane
Abaqulunqi besinyithi kulo lonke ishishini - kwiiworkshops, oomatshini obunzima, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa kunye nentsimbi yesakhiwo - bazama ukuhlangabezana nokulindela ukuhanjiswa okufunwayo ngelixa bedlula iimfuno zekhwalithi.Bahlala befuna ukunciphisa iindleko ngelixa bejongene nengxaki ehlala ikhona yokugcina abasebenzi abanezakhono.Ishishini alilula.
Uninzi lwezi ngxaki zinokulandwa emva kwiinkqubo zezandla ezisaxhaphakileyo kushishino, ingakumbi xa kuveliswa iimveliso ezintsonkothileyo ezimilise okwezikhongozelo ezifana nezivalo zesikhongozeli semizi-mveliso, izakhi zentsimbi ezigobileyo, kunye nemibhobho kunye netyhubhu.Abenzi abaninzi banikela i-25 ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini lexesha labo lokumakishwa ngokumakishwa kwezandla, ulawulo lomgangatho, kunye nokuguqulwa, xa ixesha lokwenyani lokusika i-plasma okanye i-plasma yokwenyani igawula kuphela i-oxygen. I-10 ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini.
Ukongeza kwixesha elichithwa yinkqubo yezandla ezinjalo, ezininzi zezi zicucu zenziwa malunga neendawo ezingalunganga, imilinganiselo okanye ukunyamezela, kufuna imisebenzi yesibini ebanzi efana nokusila kunye nokusebenza kwakhona, okanye okubi nakakhulu, izinto ezifunekayo ukuba zikhutshwe.
Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela ekutyhaleleni ishishini ngokubhekiselele kwi-automation.Ivenkile eyenza imisebenzi yokusika itotshi ye-automates ye-multi-axis yamalungu aphunyeziweyo i-robotic plasma cutting cell kwaye, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, yabona inzuzo enkulu.Lo msebenzi uphelisa ukucwangciswa kwe-manual, kunye nomsebenzi oya kuthatha abantu be-5 iiyure ze-6 ngoku unokwenziwa kwimizuzu eyi-18 usebenzisa irobhothi.
Ngelixa izibonelelo zicacile, ukuphumeza ukusika kweplasma yerobhothi kufuna okungaphezulu kunokuthenga irobhothi kunye netotshi yeplasma. Ukuba ucinga ngokusika iplasma yerobhothi, qiniseka ukuba uthatha indlela epheleleyo kwaye ujonge umsinga wexabiso lonke.Ukongezelela, sebenza nomhlanganisi wenkqubo oqeqeshelwe umenzi oqondayo nobuqondayo ubuchwephesha beplasma kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yoyilo kunye neenkqubo ezifunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinxalenye zoyilo kunye neenkqubo ziyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinxalenye zebhetri ziyafuneka.
Kwakhona qwalasela i-software, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo yenye yezona nxalenye zibaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na i-robotic plasma cutting system.If utyale imali kwinkqubo kunye nesoftware mhlawumbi kunzima ukuyisebenzisa, ifuna ubuchule obuninzi ukuze iqhube, okanye ufumanisa ukuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukulungelelanisa i-robot kwi-plasma yokusika kwaye ufundise indlela yokusika, uchitha nje imali eninzi.
Nangona i-software ye-robotic simulation ixhaphakile, iiseli zokusika i-robotic plasma ezisebenzayo zisebenzisa i-software yeprogram ye-robotic engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi eya kwenza ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo ye-robotic indlela, ukuchonga kunye nokuhlawulela ukungqubana, kunye nokudibanisa inkqubo yokusika i-plasma ulwazi.Ukubandakanya ulwazi lwenkqubo ye-plasma enzulu yinto ebalulekileyo.Nge-software efana nale, ukuzenzekelayo nkqu nezona zicelo zinzima kakhulu zokusika i-robotic plasma ziba lula kakhulu.
I-Plasma cut complex multi-axis shapes ifuna ijiometry yetotshi eyodwa.Faka ijiyometri yetotshi esetyenziswa kwisicelo esiqhelekileyo se-XY (jonga umfanekiso 1) kwimilo entsonkothileyo, efana nentloko yenqanawa yoxinzelelo olugobileyo, kwaye uya kwandisa amathuba okungqubana.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iitotshi ezibukhali (ezinoyilo “olutsolo”) zifaneleke ngcono ukusika imilo yerobhothi.
Zonke iintlobo zontlitheko azinakuphetshwa ngetotshi eneengile ezibukhali yodwa. Inkqubo yecandelo kufuneka iqulathe iinguqu kumphakamo osikiweyo (oko kukuthi incam yetotshi kufuneka icace kwisixhobo sokusebenza) ukunqanda ukungqubana (jonga uMfanekiso 2).
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika, igesi ye-plasma igeleza ihla emzimbeni wetotshi kwicala le-vortex ukuya kwi-torch tip.Le ntshukumo yokujikeleza ivumela amandla e-centrifugal ukuba akhuphe amasuntswana anzima kwikholamu yegesi ukuya kumda womngxuma womlomo kwaye ikhusela indibano yetotshi ekuhambeni kwee-electron ezishushu. I-1,100 degrees Celsius. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo zifuna ukukhuselwa, kunye ne-insulating layer of particles ezinzima zinika ukhuseleko.
Umzobo 1. Imizimba yetotshi esemgangathweni yenzelwe ukusika i-sheet metal.Ukusebenzisa itotshi efanayo kwisicelo se-multi-axis kwandisa ithuba lokungqubana kunye ne-workpiece.
I-swirl yenza elinye icala le-cut cut libe shushu kunomnye.Iithotshi ezinegesi ejikelezayo ye-clockwise ngokuqhelekileyo zibeka icala elitshisayo lokusikwa kwicala lasekunene le-arc (xa ijongwa ukusuka phezulu kwicala lokusikwa) .Oku kuthetha ukuba injineli yenkqubo isebenza nzima ukunyusa icala elihle lokusikwa kwaye ithatha ukuba icala elibi (ngasekhohlo) liya kuba yi-scrap3 (bona).
Iimpawu zangaphakathi kufuneka zinqunywe ngendlela echasene ne-clockwise, kunye necala elitshisayo le-plasma lenza ukusika okucocekileyo kwicala lasekunene (icala lecala elisecaleni) .Kunokuba, i-perimeter yecandelo kufuneka inqunyulwe ngendlela ye-clockwise.Ukuba i-torch iyanqumla kwicala elingalunganga, inokudala i-taper enkulu kwiprofayili enqunyiwe kwaye ikhulise i-dross kwi-edge of the part of the part of the "scraping" putsentiting on the part of the scgood.
Qaphela ukuba uninzi lweetafile zokusika iipaneli ze-plasma zinenkqubo yobukrelekrele eyakhelwe kumlawuli malunga nesalathiso se-arc cut.Kodwa kwintsimi yerobhothi, ezi nkcukacha azikaziwa okanye aziqondwanga, kwaye azikafakwa kwisilawuli serobhothi esiqhelekileyo - ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nesoftware yenkqubo yerobhothi engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi ngolwazi lwenkqubo yeplasma edibeneyo.
Isishukumiso seTotshi esisetyenziselwa ukugqobhoza isinyithi sinefuthe elithe ngqo kwi-plasma cutting consumables.Ukuba itotshi yeplasma igqobhoza iphepha kwindawo yokusika (isondele kakhulu kwi-workpiece), i-recoil yentsimbi etyhidiweyo inokonakalisa ngokukhawuleza ikhaka kunye nozzle.Oku kubangela umgangatho ombi kunye nokunciphisa ubomi obusebenzisekayo.
Kwakhona, oku kunqabile ukwenzeka kwi-sheet metal ukusika izicelo kunye ne-gantry, njengoko iqondo eliphezulu lobuchwephesha betotshi sele lwakhiwe kwisilawuli.Umqhubi ucofa iqhosha ukuqalisa ukulandelelana kokugqobhoza, okuqalisa uluhlu lweziganeko zokuqinisekisa ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kokugqobhoza.
Okokuqala, itotshi yenza inkqubo yokubona ukuphakama, ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa isignali ye-ohmic ukuze ibone i-workpiece surface.Emva kokumisa ipleyiti, itotshi ihoxiswa ukusuka kwipleyiti ukuya ekugqithiseni ukuphakama, okuyiyona ndlela iphakamileyo ye-arc ye-plasma yokudlulisa kwi-workpiece.Emva kokuba i-arc ye-plasma idluliselwe, inokutshisa ngokupheleleyo. nangaphezulu ukusuka ekuvuthuzweni kwemathiriyeli etyhidiweyo.Itotshi igcina lo mgama de iplasma arc ingene ngokupheleleyo kwipleyiti.Emva kokulibaziseka kokugqobhoza kugqityiwe, itotshi yehla isiya kwipleyiti yesinyithi kwaye iqalisa intshukumo yokusika (jonga uMfanekiso 4).
Kwakhona, yonke le ngqiqo idla ngokwakhiwa kwisilawuli seplasma esisetyenziselwa ukusika i-sheet, kungekhona isilawuli serobhothi.I-Robotic cutting nayo inomnye umaleko we-complexity.Ukugqobhoza kumphakamo ongalunganga kubi ngokwaneleyo, kodwa xa usika iimilo ze-axis ezininzi, itotshi isenokungabi kweyona ndlela ilungileyo ye-workpiece kunye nobukhulu bezinto. ubomi obusebenzisekayo.Ukongezelela, ukugqobhoza i-workpiece ejikelelweyo kwicala elingalunganga kunokubeka idibaniso yetotshi kufutshane kakhulu nomphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza, ukuyiveza ekunyibilikeni kwayo i-blowback kwaye ibangele ukusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha (jonga uMfanekiso 5).
Qwalasela isicelo sokusika iplasma yerobhothi ebandakanya ukugoba intloko yomkhumbi woxinzelelo.Ngokufana nokusikwa kweshiti, itotshi yerobhothi kufuneka ibekwe i-perpendicular kumphezulu wezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-thinnest kunokwenzeka i-cross-section ye-perforation.Njengoko itotshi yeplasma isondela kwi-workpiece, isebenzisa inzwa yokuphakama ide ifumane umphezulu wesitya, emva koko ihoxise kunye ne-axier yokudlulisa i-axis yokudlulisa i-axis. irhoxiwe kwakhona nge-axis yetotshi ukugqobhoza umphakamo, ngokukhuselekileyo kude ne-blowback (jonga uMfanekiso 6).
Emva kokuba ukulibaziseka kwe-pierce kuphelile, i-torch iyancipha ukuya kubude bokusika.Xa ukucubungula i-contours, i-torch ijikeleziswa ukuya kwindlela yokusika efunwayo ngaxeshanye okanye ngamanyathelo.Ngeli nqanaba, ukulandelelana kokusika kuqala.
Iirobhothi zibizwa ngokuba yi-overdetermined systems.Loo nto ithe, ineendlela ezininzi zokufika kwinqanaba elifanayo.Oku kuthetha ukuba nabani na ofundisa irobhothi ukuhamba, okanye nabani na ongomnye, kufuneka abe nenqanaba elithile lobuchwephesha, nokuba kukuqonda ukunyakaza kwerobhothi okanye iimfuno ze-machining ze-plasma cutting.
Nangona i-pendants yokufundisa iguqukile, eminye imisebenzi ayifanelanga ngokwemvelo ukufundisa i-pendant programming-ingakumbi imisebenzi ebandakanya inani elikhulu leenxalenye ezixubeneyo ezinomthamo ophantsi.Iirobhothi azivelisi xa zifundiswa, kwaye ukufundisa ngokwako kunokuthatha iiyure, okanye iintsuku kwiinxalenye ezinzima.
I-software yeprogram ye-robot engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi eyenzelwe iimodyuli zokusika i-plasma iya kubethelela obu buchule (jonga uMzobo 7) .Oku kubandakanya isalathiso sokusika igesi ye-plasma, ukuqonda ukuphakama kokuqala, ukulandelelana kokubhoboza, kunye nokulungiswa kwesantya sokusika kwitotshi kunye neenkqubo zeplasma.
Umzobo 2. Iitotshi ezibukhali ("ezikhonjiweyo") zifaneleka ngakumbi kwi-robotic plasma cutting.Kodwa kunye nalezi geometri zetotshi, kungcono ukunyusa ukuphakama kokusika ukunciphisa ithuba lokungqubana.
Isoftware ibonelela ngobuchwephesha berobhothi obufunekayo kwiprogram ye-systems.Ilawula ubunye, okanye iimeko apho i-robotic end-effector (kule meko, itotshi yeplasma) ayikwazi ukufikelela kwi-workpiece; imida edibeneyo; ukuhamba ngaphezulu ukuqengqeleka kwesihlahla; ukufumanisa ukungqubana; iizembe zangaphandle; kunye ne-toolpath optimization.Okokuqala, umdwelisi weprogram ungenisa ifayile ye-CAD yenxalenye egqityiweyo kwi-software yeprogram ye-robot engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, emva koko ichaza umda oza kunqunyulwa, kunye nendawo yokubhoboza kunye nezinye iiparitha, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukungqubana kunye nemiqobo yoluhlu.
Ezinye zophinda-phindo zamva nje zesoftware yerobhothi engasebenziyo zisebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo engasebenziyo.Le ndlela ivumela abadwelisi benkqubo ukuba benze ngokuzenzekelayo iindlela zokusika kwaye bakhethe iinkangeleko ezininzi ngaxeshanye.Umdwelisi wenkqubo unokukhetha umkhethi wendlela ephetheyo ebonisa indlela yokusika kunye nesalathiso, kwaye emva koko ukhethe ukutshintsha indawo yokuqala kunye nesiphelo, kunye nesalathiso kunye notyekelo lweplasma yetotshi ye-plasma ye-armpende ye-brand iqala. system) kwaye iqhubela phambili ukubandakanya imodeli ethile yerobhothi.
Ukulinganisa okubangelwayo kunokuthathela ingqalelo yonke into ekwiseli yerobhothi, kubandakanywa izinto ezifana nezithintelo zokhuseleko, izixhobo, kunye neetotshi zeplasma.Ithi ke ilandelele naziphi na iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka zekinematic kunye nongquzulwano kumqhubi, ngubani na onokuthi alungise ingxaki.Ngokomzekelo, ukulinganisa kunokubonakalisa ingxaki yokungqubana phakathi kokusikeka okubini kwintloko yenqanawa yoxinzelelo. ukukhutshwa okufunekayo-inkcukacha encinci, ixazululwe ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi ufikelele emgangathweni, onceda ukuphelisa intloko kunye nenkunkuma.
Ukunqongophala okuqhubekayo kwabasebenzi kunye nokukhula kweemfuno zabathengi kuye kwabangela ukuba abavelisi abaninzi baphendukele kwi-robotic plasma cutting.Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi bangena emanzini ukuze bafumane iingxaki ezininzi, ngakumbi xa abantu abadibanisa i-automation bengenalo ulwazi lwenkqubo yokusika i-plasma.Le ndlela iya kukhokelela ekukhungathekeni.
Hlanganisa ulwazi lokusika i-plasma kwasekuqaleni, kwaye izinto ziyatshintsha.Ngobukrelekrele benkqubo ye-plasma, i-robot inokujikeleza kwaye ihambe njengoko ifunekayo ukuze yenze eyona nto isebenzayo, ukwandisa ubomi bezinto ezisetyenziswayo.Isika ngendlela echanekileyo kunye neendlela zokuthintela nayiphi na i-workpiece collision.Xa ulandela le ndlela yokuzenzekelayo, abavelisi bavuna umvuzo.
Eli nqaku lisekelwe "Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-3D Robotic Plasma Cutting" eboniswe kwinkomfa ye-2021 FABTECH.
I-FABRICATOR yeyona magazini iphambili kuMntla Melika yokwenziwa kwesinyithi kunye neshishini lokwenziwa kwemveliso.Imagazini ibonelela ngeendaba, amanqaku obugcisa kunye neembali zamatyala ezenza ukuba abavelisi benze imisebenzi yabo ngokufanelekileyo.IFBRICATOR ibisebenzela ishishini ukusukela ngo-1970.
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Uhlelo lwedijithali lweThe Tube & Pipe Journal ngoku lufikeleleka ngokupheleleyo, lubonelela ngokufikelela lula kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo zoshishino.
Yonwabela ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwi-digital edition ye-STAMPING Journal, ebonelela ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamva nje, ezona ndlela zintle kunye neendaba zeshishini lentengiso yesitampu sesinyithi.
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Ixesha lokuposa: May-25-2022
